Colon Cancer

What is Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that develops in the colon or rectum. The colon is the large intestine, and the rectum is the lower part of the colon that connects to the anus. Colon cancer often starts as small, noncancerous clumps of cells called polyps that form on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. Over time, some of these polyps can become cancerous if not detected and treated.

Risk Factors:

• • Age: The risk of colon cancer increases with age, particularly after the age of 50.

  • Family History: Having a family history of colon cancer or certain genetic syndromes can increase the risk.

  • Diet: A diet high in red meat and processed meats and low in fiber may increase the risk.

  • Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity and obesity are risk factors.

  • Smoking and Alcohol: Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption may contribute to the risk.

Symptoms:

• • Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or changes in stool consistency.

  • Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding.

  • Abdominal pain, cramps, or discomfort.

  • Weakness or fatigue.

  • Unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis:

• • Screening: Colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or stool tests (like the fecal occult blood test) are used for early detection and diagnosis.

  • Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI, or PET scans may be used to assess the extent of cancer.

Treatment:

• • Collectomy Surgery: Removal of the cancerous tumor and nearby lymph nodes.

  • Chemotherapy: Medications that target and destroy cancer cells.

  • Radiation therapy: High-energy rays to target and shrink tumors.

What are the top 5 Cancer hospitals in India?

• Manipal Hospitals

• Max Hospital

• Apollo Hospital

• BLK Hospital

• Artemis Hospital